"In developed countries, sustainable forms of transport are increasingly evolving and encouraged. Despite this, and due to the growing trend of urbanization and urban development, there are higher demands for mobility in a smaller spatial coverage. That is why a large number of personal vehicles in urban centres are still present. As a result, there is an increase in external costs in transport such as traffic congestion, climate change and air pollution caused by gas and noise emission. To change such negative trends in the transport system in favour of sustainability, it is necessary to optimally manage the transport system, especially the supply and demand for mobility.
Today, optimal management of the parking system in urban areas is one of the most important measures in the process of achieving sustainable transport organization for the purpose of reducing the negative impacts of mobility on humans and the environment. Accordingly, when assessing the quality of the parking system, it is no longer enough to analyse classic financial indicators such as the average time spent in the parking lot, the coefficient of vehicle change per parking space, the number of generated parking hours etc., but it is also necessary to analyse the social loss caused by missed opportunities for more adequate use of urban space in order to increase the quality of human life.
Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the economic costs and benefits of the parking system considering the type of parking offer. In addition to the classic indicators, the external costs that the parking system has on society through inadequate use of public urban space will be considered. After evaluating all costs and benefits there will be a comparative study showing the results of cost-benefit analysis of individual parking system regarding the type of parking offer, for the purpose of improving the process of optimizing the urban parking system. In this way, another important variable is introduced into the management and planning processes of the parking system, which refers to the optimal use of public space in urban areas.
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parking, parking policy, CBA, parking lot, parking demand, parking offer