Modern vehicles are equipped with active and passive safety systems that can mitigate the severity of crashes or even prevent them. The most popular active systems in vehicles are Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), which help the driver operate the vehicle safely. The proper functioning of ADAS is highly dependent on the accurate collection of information from the surrounding environment. Some of the important information can be found in road markings and road signs. In general, road markings and signs are elements of road infrastructure that guide drivers and provide them with the necessary information about road features and the traffic situation. Nowadays, with the widespread use of ADAS, beside human drivers, road markings and signs should also efficiently provide information to perception sensors in vehicles, such as cameras and LiDARs. Due to the technical characteristics of sensors, system malfunctions can sometimes occur due to internal factors or misinterpret events in the vehicle environment. The main problems in detection are related to road characteristics (e.g., quality of marking and horizontal alignment) and environmental factors (e.g., weather conditions). The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic review of the existing literature and findings on the factors that influence the proper detection of road markings and signs by ADAS.

ADAS; road markings; road signs; perception sensors; road safety