This paper provides an overview of the field observation methods used in the monitoring of geotechnical structures along the transportation networks. The focus is on modern field observation methods to evaluate the behaviour of structures relevant to transportation infrastructure. Various advanced remote sensing methods such as photogrammetry, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) together with ground-based geodetic methods such as GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) will be investigated for their effectiveness in providing real-time and accurate displacement data. The integration of modern advanced methods aims to improve the data acquisition process and provides a holistic understanding and visualisation of asset behaviour and environmental conditions. By using the power of modern monitoring methods, transport authorities can improve their decision-making processes, prioritize maintenance, and ensure the long-term resilience and safety of infrastructure. As accurate information from inspection and monitoring is crucial to make the right decisions regarding maintenance and safety, the advantages and disadvantages of the above methods are discussed.

drones; LiDAR; HD camera; geotechnical structures; condition assessment; digital twin