Ljubljana railway station, the main railway station in the Slovenian capital, is the most important railway junction in the country and plays an important role in international rail traffic, as it is located at a strategic transit point linking different regions of Europe. However, the existing track infrastructure does not allow the most optimal organization of traffic flow and therefore represents a bottleneck in terms of rail traffic. At the same time, the station does not meet the technical specifications for interoperability of the trans-European transport network. Because of these problems, the upgrade of Ljubljana railway station has been planned for decades. This article presents the existing situation, the planned phases of the Ljubljana railway station upgrade, the challenges faced during the design process, the final situation after the upgrade, the benefits of the upgrade, and an overview of the projects in the design phase that will ensure a periodic timetable for passenger trains and the withdrawal of freight trains from Ljubljana railway station.